04
Oil, Gas & Energy Infrastructure
12 documented incidents
- Mar 7–8 Tehran & Karaj Fuel Depots: Civilian Multiple storage complexes were struck: the Aghdasieh oil warehouse (NE Tehran), the Shahran oil depot (North Tehran), and a refinery in southern Tehran. The attacks produced a massive toxic smoke cloud over the capital for days. [Wikipedia – South Pars attack]
- Mar 13 Kharg Island (Oil Infrastructure Area): Dual-use (contested) The United States struck military targets on Kharg Island but reportedly spared oil infrastructure. [Wikipedia]
- Mar 18 South Pars Gas Field & Asaluyeh Refinery, Bushehr Province: Civilian Israeli airstrikes hit the world's largest natural gas field, targeting treatment facilities, storage tanks, gas installations, and supply pipelines. The attack halted production at two major refineries, cut Iran's total gas production by approximately 12%, and forced Iran to stop gas supplies to Iraq. International oil prices surged from $103 to $108 per barrel; European gas prices increased 7%. [Middle East Council on Global Affairs, Mar 19]
- Mar 18 Shahid Rajaee Port, Bandar Abbas: Civilian Explosions reported near the oil terminal and control tower. [Compiled from news agencies]
- Mar 27 Abadan Refinery (vicinity), Khuzestan: Civilian Reports of explosions at a site near this historic refinery in southwestern Iran. [Compiled from news agencies]
- Apr 1 Shahid Haghani Port, Bandar Abbas: Dual-use (contested) US-Israeli strikes targeted the port near the Strait of Hormuz, according to Tasnim News Agency. [Bloomberg; EnergyNow]
- Apr 4 Mahshahr Petrochemical Zone, Bandar Mahshahr: Dual-use (contested) Strikes on the petrochemical industrial zone were confirmed via social-media video obtained by Reuters. The IDF described it as one of two central facilities producing materials for explosives, ballistic missiles, and weapons. Combined with the April 6 South Pars strike, the IDF claimed 85% of Iran's petrochemical exports had been taken offline. [Jerusalem Post; Reuters]
- Apr 6 South Pars Petrochemical Complex, Asaluyeh, Bushehr Province: Civilian Israeli Defense Minister confirmed a 'powerful strike' on Iran's largest petrochemical facility, responsible for approximately 50% of the country's petrochemical production. Combined with the earlier April 4 attack on the Mahshahr petrochemical zone, the IDF claimed 85% of Iran's petrochemical exports were now offline. Two IRGC commanders were killed. The Jam, Damavand, Mobin, and related electricity/water/oxygen supply plants were also hit. [Jerusalem Post, Apr 6]
- Apr 7 Kharg Island, Persian Gulf: Dual-use (contested) The U.S. military struck more than 50 military targets on Iran's key oil export hub, which handles approximately 90% of the country's crude oil exports. U.S. officials said oil facilities were not targeted. The strikes occurred hours before Trump's deadline for Iran to reopen the Strait of Hormuz. [Navy Times, Apr 7; CNN]
- Apr 7 South Pars Power Generation Units, Bushehr Province: Civilian Two electricity-producing units at the South Pars gas field were struck. Iranian officials characterized the attack as a 'huge escalation,' threatening power supply to southern Iran. [Al Jazeera, Apr 7]
- Jul 16 Power facilities and train station, Bandar Abbas: Civilian Officials in Bandar Abbas reported that civilian infrastructure including power facilities and a train station had been hit, as the US strikes moved beyond the military targets that had characterised the opening days of the July wave. [Al Jazeera, Jul 16]
- Jul 16 Oil tanker disabled near Kharg Island: Dual-use (contested) A US strike disabled an oil tanker near Kharg Island using Hellfire missiles. Three commercial vessels were intercepted in the Gulf of Oman the same day; one was disabled for non-compliance and another boarded. [Al Jazeera, Jul 16]
Summary:The energy strikes escalated dramatically in April, with the IDF claiming to have taken 85% of Iran's petrochemical exports offline after strikes on the South Pars and Mahshahr complexes. The U.S. struck Kharg Island's military targets — the island handles roughly 90% of Iran's crude exports. The South Pars field, source of up to 70% of Iran's gas production, was hit repeatedly, destroying Refinery No. 4 and severely damaging No. 7. Energy became the war's central battleground: the naval blockade cost Iran an estimated $4.8bn in lost oil revenue between April 13 and May 1 alone, and by July strikes had extended to the power grid itself, hitting electricity facilities and a train station at Bandar Abbas. [CBS News; Bloomberg; Jerusalem Post; Navy Times; Al Jazeera; Pentagon]